Glossary

 

• accomodation: something fulfilling a need, want, etc.; convenience or facility
• assessment:  the act of assessing the evaluation of a student's achievement on a course
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• authencity:  the quality or condition of being authentic, trustworthy, or genuine
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• bottom-up processing: suggests that we attend to or perceive elements by starting with the smaller, more fine details of that element and then building upward until we have a solid representation of it in our minds
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• calibration: a set of gradations that show positions or values
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• content-based instruction:  is a significant approach in language education  designed to provide second-language learners instruction in content and language
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• halo effect: is a cognitive bias whereby the perception of one trait  is influenced by the perception of another trait (or several traits) of that person or object
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• high-stake testing: is a test with important consequences for the test taker 
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• plagiarism: the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work, as by not crediting the author
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• rhetorical pattern:  is a mode in which an article’s details are organized
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• top-down processing: states that we form perceptions (or focus our attention) by starting with the larger concept or idea
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• washback:  refers to the impact that tests have on teaching and learning